Analysis Note

Agglutination activity is expressed in µg/ml and is determined from serial dilutions of a 1 mg/ml solution. This activity is the lowest concentration to agglutinate a suspension of either human erythrocytes (2% in phosphate buffered saline, pH 6.8) or human leukocytes (10⁷ per mL in saline) after 1 hr incubation at 25 °C.

Application

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean) has been used:as a positive control in ELISPOT (enzyme-linked immunospot) assayto induce Th2 polarization for T-cell differentiation in vitroas controls in the lymphocyte proliferation assays

Biochem/physiol Actions

PHA consists of two molecular species, an erythroagglutinin (PHA-E) which has low mitogenic activity and high erythroagglutinin activity, and leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) which has high mitogenic and leucoagglutinating activity, but very low erythroagglutinating activity. PHA-E is not blood group specific, but agglutination can be inhibited by certain oligosaccharides. PHA-P is the protein form of PHA prior to separation and purification of erythroagglutinin and leucoagglutinin. PHA-M is the mucoprotein form. Conjugates are prepared from the corresponding purified lectins.

General description

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) derived from Phaseolus vulgaris is a tetrameric glycoprotein. It consists of two different subunits, that weighs 120 kDa.

Packaging

2, 5, 10 mg in glass bottle

Preparation Note

Purified by a modification of the method of Leavitt.